Employee Relations in Reference To Unitary Theory

A frame of reference refers to a theory that is used to analyze and explain the employee behavior in the work environment. In this approach the right employment policies and practices will coincide with the interest of labor and the management. (Brenneen, 2009). Any disagreement in the workplace is termed as poor employment practices. It is believed that there is only one source of authority which is the management and that it should work towards achieving employee commitment and loyalty to the organization.

It is assumed that there is harmony, mutual cooperation and understanding between the management of the organization and the workers. It is believed that the management and the workers work towards achieving a common goal and a common purpose. This means that there is a similarity and a coincidence in both the interests and concerns of the management and the workers in an organization.

Employers should come up with policies that satisfy both the institution goal and the employees' interest. The policies made should help maximize the organizations profits and at the same time help in the satisfaction of employees. (Brenneen, 2009).

The human resource managers in practicability use this approach in their duties such as; hiring and promoting employees on merit, supervision of the work and ensuring it is done rightly, offering training and development facilities so that employees can expand their knowledge, motivating employees by giving them rewards, promoting a healthy and risk free work environment, and many more. The managers also ensure that disputes in the work place are resolved amicably by using the most effective means of conflict resolution.

Human resource Managers works toward influencing the employees' psychology. Employees' social and psychological needs are satisfied in order to increase their morale and these results into increased workers productivity (Morrel, 2011). This is done by using effective management practices to carry out their duties while at the same time considering fulfillment of employees' interest.

It is believed that employees are loyal to the management and that no conflict arises in an organization. Conflicts are avoided and are regarded as harmful to the organizations. Conflicts are believed to cause harm such as disrupting operations, diversion of resources, delayed decisions and also decreased sensitivity. It is believed that conflicts are caused by poor communication, personality disorders, improper recruitment and selection process and poor management (Collins, 1998). It is also believed that the managers in an organization can be able to change the perception of employees who are in conflict.

According to Collins (1998) this approach is paternalistic where employee influence and labor unions are nonexistent. This is because employees are believed to be loyal to the organizations. Labor unions are viewed as a competing and illegitimate source of authority that only causes disruption in the workplace.

Unitarist actors view this term of reference as valid but unions view it as disguised coercion by actors who look at human resource policies through other frames of reference such as pluralist and critical frame of reference (Morrel, 2011). In order to ensure that the unitarist approach is used successfully the management ought to provide opportunities that help boost individual fulfillment and in turn employee productivity increases. With this the managers can use the different management styles according to a situation.

Strengths of this Approach
According to Morrel (2011) one of the major strength is that managers are compelled to exercise their leadership skills in order to be able to influence the employees towards achieving their goals. If the manager exercises his leadership effectively, then there will be no influence of trade unions in the organization and he is able to properly align the interests of the organization with those of the employees.

The unitarist theory also believes in integration of employees and an organizations interest in order for an organization to succeed (Morrel, 2011). This integration creates loyalty and commitment by the employees. With this employees are considered as stakeholders of an organization and their welfare is considered in examining the organizations welfare.

The unitarist approach helps in achieving a stable employee relationship to the organization. This is because it emphasizes on common values and common interest between employees and the organization. The managers work towards fulfilling of employees interest while employees work towards achievement of organizations objectives.

Criticism to Unitarism Approach
Collins (1998) thinks that this approach disregards different employees' rights and views. It is believed that employee influence in an organization and labor unions are nonexistent. The labor unions fight for employee rights. Therefore the views and opinions of employees are disregarded whereas they might be useful to the organization.

Conflicts in organizations are viewed as negative and harmful to the organization. They are seen as disruptions to the organization (Collins, 1998). However, some conflicts are helpful and important to the organization as once resolved they can lead to realization of opportunities, better decisions, improved personal knowledge and higher social cohesion.

Unitarist approach believes that there is harmonious understanding of employee relations and power as employees and the organizations share common interest. This is untrue as there has to be a conflict in order to come up with an achievement as people will not always agree on everything.

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Use Social Networking Sites and Improve Your Schools

Make your school atmosphere clean and safe on net by Our School ERP System. We provide customized ERP systems in pennies to school. Make a network of your students and staff online in your private atmosphere. A must buy for schools! Two goals every school leader can embrace are continuous improvement and wringing as much value as possible from every dollar in the budget. These two tasks do not have to be mutually exclusive.

Use TeenMing Education Social Networking Sites.
In schools, most focused debates on social networks such as students use (or abuse) of websites that education TeenMing.com popular. But social networks can be very useful for teachers. Do you have an idea of how young adults the popular novel The Book Thief? Want to know how Second Life in the classroom improves learning? The answers to all these questions you can find online. There are many ways for teachers and students. TM (TeenMing.com) provides teaching materials online and sharing of all students studying new material and talking with teachers and classmates own friends about the research. Connect people and the promotion of critical debate.

India, the United Kingdom, the USA, four classrooms, an interactive whiteboard. When teachers work to use whiteboards improve learning Promethean Planet and are invaluable SMART Exchange. Teachers can also join the discussion on the Classroom 2.0 site for more information about Web 2.0 tools and collaboration technologies TeenMing.com visit to find out how virtual worlds to facilitate educational, or TeenMing.com community education (www.teenming.com). TeenMing.com a social networking site is not only educational, but also a complete school ERP system (software). Make your school unique, popular and attractive, and the number 1 in the city. We offer a cheap, safe and reliable ERP for school children and staff.

Why TeenMing.com
This school is a complete ERP system (software). It is a portal for students to allow them the ideas of others, share communicate, discuss, discuss and communicate with your friends. Create a network of students and staff in a private online. TeenMing.com all-in-one performance management system can better evaluate school to the impact and effectiveness of their plans, programs and professional development programs to improve. Now, the district developed creative ways to reduce their use of the website to expand the. On specific areas that need improvement.

The plan is to release teachers from throughout the district and new opportunities for collaboration with teachers around the world. Teachers upload their lessons for other teachers to use, and work together to change, improve or update existing courses. There are many ways for teachers and students. Teachers at the school job search online and signed work, shop online and students and get CBSE study material RBSE, play online games and much more.

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Probability Theory and its Applications

Introduction to Probability Theory and its Applications

The probability of an occurrence is expressed on a size from 0.0 to 1.0
Way it will never happen
Way that it is certain to happen
The chance of an event is the number of times that a specific event occurs relative to the sum of all possible events that can occur.
Theoretical probability
Sometimes we know from the theory of the matter what the probability of an event is, e.g. regular dice or tossing coins.
Probability of an event
The proportion of times an event occurs separated by the frequency of all other events that can occur, e.g. 246 acquittals out of 14,573 cases acquitted, fined, deferred, probated, or sent to prison (`246/14573` = p = 0.0169)
Relative frequency
How often an event occurs relative to all other events that occurred in the experiment
Mutually exclusive events
Two or more events which cannot ensue mutually, .e.g. acquitted and sent to prison, the probability = 0.0
Conditional probability
The probability of event A happening, given that event B has already occurred, e.g. probability of going to prison (A) given that the crook was put on probation (B).
Independent events
Two procedures A & B are considered independent if the conditional probability P(A çB) = P(A), e.g. chance of acquittal (A) given that it is raining outside (B)
Addition Rule of Probability Theory
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)
Multiplication Rule of Probability Theory
P (B) P (A|B)
Probability Distributions
Those indicate the probability of specific events happening for a phenomenon distributed in a particular manner.
In statistics, probability distributions are used to briefly, expect, and aid in decision making.
Binomial distribution
Normal distribution
t distribution
F distribution
Chi-square distribution
Poisson distribution
Examples for Probability Theory and its Applications:
Probability Theory - Example 1:
A fair coin is flipped 3 times. Let S be the sample space of 8 possible outcomes, and let X be a random variable that assignees to an outcome the number of heads in this outcome.
Solution:
where X(S) = {0, 1, 2, 3} is the range of X, which is the number of heads, and
S={ (TTT), (TTH), (THH), (HTT), (HHT), (HHH), (THT), (HTH) }
X(TTT) = 0
X(TTH) = X(HTT) = X(THT) = 1
X(HHT) = X(THH) = X(HTH) = 2
X(HHH) = 3
The probability distribution (pdf) of random variable X is given by
P(X=3) = `1/8` , P(X=2) = `3/8` , P(X=1) = `3/8` , P(X=0) = `1/8` .
Probability Theory Example 2:
What is the probability of drawing either a Jack or a Heart from a deck of cards?
P(J or H) = P(J) + P(H) – P(J and H)
P(J or H) = P(`4/52` ) + P(`13/52` ) – P(`1/52` )
P(J or H) = (0.0769 + 0.2453) – (0.01923)
P(J or H) = 0.3077
Probability Theory Applications:
The Probability and Its Applications sequence issues research monographs, with the expository excellence to make them useful and available to advanced students, in probability and stochastic processes, with a particular focus on:
Basics of probability containing stochastic analysis and Markov and other stochastic processes
Applications of probability in analysis
Application Point processes, random sets, and other spatial models
Branching processes and other models of population growth
Genetics and other stochastic models in Application biology
Information theory and signal processing
Communication networks
Application Stochastic models in operations research
 

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Process to start college

Author: shemford

Today, higher education is gaining immense popularity as it not only prepares students to achieve success in life but also helps them to lead a better standard of living. Moreover, the education sector is one of those sectors that are not heavily affected during the time of financial crisis. It is one such sector that has proven to be the most profitable venture due to its ever increasing popularity. Hence, the aspiring educationists are showing interest to enter in the education sector.

• The very first step that you need to undertake before starting your college is the formation of a Society/Trust with minimum three to four members preferably from educational background. Ensure that the members you include in your society agree to provide you with financial support.
• Next, you need to register this society under the Societies Registration Act, to prove its non-profit motive.
• After dealing with all the legal formalities, you need to acquire a No-Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Department of Education (DoE) of the state where you wish to open your college. Further, make sure that you get this NOC renewed every year from the DoE. For that, you need to fill a mandatory application form and submit it along with a fee of Rs.10,000.
• Once you have acquired the NOC, you may start searching for the land and location for the establishment of your college. Generally, the DoE forwards a request to the land owing agencies of the state regarding the allotment of the land for building the college.
• Once the land is allotted to you, you may start building the school infrastructure. Make sure that the land area is properly managed. The building should be constructed on one part of the land and a proper playground on the remaining part.
• Now that the school building is ready, you need to get affiliation for your college from a recognized university. You are supposed to submit a duly filled application form to the concerned university. Besides this, you also need to pay a fixed amount to the university every year until the affiliation becomes permanent.
• Further, you also need to get an approval of the courses offered by your college from the governing authority. For instance, the Medical Council of India (MCI) grants approval to Medical College.
• It is required of all the colleges that they follow the norms and standards set by the University Grants Commission (UGC). It creates a model syllabus to be followed in all the colleges. Besides this, the pay scale of the staff members is also decided by the UGC.
• Last but not the least; you need to promote your college. So, for that, you need plan for effective marketing strategies. You may choose from various options available. For example; Television & newspaper ads, attractive hoardings/billboards, distributing flyers/pamphlets etc.

So, these simple guidelines will help you through the process of starting your own college. Further, you can take help and support from your committee members.

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How to Get School Admission in Delhi and Dehradun?

Author: Jacob_Hall

Delhi is a capital of India. This is among one of the metro city in four. Lot of communities has been staying in Delhi. Migrants from other states as well as international countries are also staying in Delhi for jobs and studies purpose. You will find all sorts of schools in Delhi ranges from day school, day boarding schools, play schools and co-educational or only boys or girl schools.

School admission in Delhi is based on the common process. Parents can find their desirable type of school details on internet. They need not to go anywhere personally to search a particular type of school. After locating the desired type of school you can collect and submit online admission application form. This is a simplest way to get access any school at the initial level. Once you submit your admission application then school will contact you back in near short period of time for further interaction round with their school's principal. Later on, after the short listing round you can get admission of your ward in your dream school.

For nursery school admission you can take your child at the age of 3+ to any of the reputed school at your areas. This statement is being published by the Honorable Delhi Court in India. Special privilege is being provided to all the EWS parents who are getting low income nearly 1 Lack annually. They are termed as the Economically Weaker Section (EWS) group of people. Schools are giving them aid in total school fees in comparison with common category parents. And later on, the government will give allowance to the tax paid by such schools for different causes. This rule is being implemented in all schools of India.

The Indian state Dehradun is also coming at the top list which is hosting the best teaching learning institutes and schools in the country. It hosts some of India's best boarding schools and training institutions of national significance. Dehradun is a capital of Uttarakahnd in India.

Schools in Dehradun come in renowned quality. Most of the Indian prestigious boarding schools are situated in Dehradun. Parents are always pleased to send their kids to acquire quality education there. Several Indian and International luminaries have attended these schools and earned the unsung prestige for the country. You will find all types of functional schools in Dehradun such as best spiritual schools, best public schools, schools for blinds and handicaps etc.

Schools application forms can be available online as well as in schools itself. Any parent who wishes to enroll their kids in any school needs to apply complete filled application form to their applied school. Whenever the interaction round will be declared with the school principal, you will be contacted back to reach on school at right schedule and venue. The only issue is that parents should always fill this form in whole, with right information in all columns. Later on this form will be cross checked by the original certificates of your child concern which you have to attach with the school application form.

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Requirements for Opening a School

Author: shemford
Starting a schoolis a challenging task in India. In spite of this, a lot of people are keen to start their own school because of the unending demand for quality education. Moreover, investing time and money in the education sector is a lucrative idea. This is because, it not only brings you profit but also earns you respect in the society. However, you need to be familiar with the pre-requisites to start a school. These includes developing a business plan, securing funds, ascertaining infrastructural requirements, costs of incurring marketing and hiring expenses etc. Apart from these conditions, you must also have the knowledge and expertise to work in this field. So, go through the following requirements for opening a school.

Investment-To begin with, ascertain the amount of capital investment. For opening a school, you need to invest approximately Rs. 2-3 crores. The expenses would include land acquisition cost, investments for infrastructural requirements, promotional expenses etc.

Society/Trust-To ensure the non-profit motive of your school, it is essential to form a Society/Trust. So, the next step is to form a Society/Trust with educated and influential individuals. Also, get it registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 or the Indian Trust Act, 1882, respectively.

Location-The next step is to search for a suitable location to establish your school. Make sure that the location you choose has a calm and peaceful environment. Moreover, a residential area is preferable, as it offers easy transport accessibility.

Land-Once you have selected the location, the next step is to acquire the land for your school. For a formal school, an area of about 2-3 acres is sufficient. This area of land is sufficient to accommodate the school building and a playground too.

Essentiality Certificate-Further, obtain the Essentiality Certificate (EC) from the State Department of Education. As the name suggests, it is essential to obtain the Essentiality Certificate (EC), commonly known as the No Objection Certificate (NOC), failing to which you cannot start the construction process.

Construction Process-As soon as you obtain the EC, start the construction process of your school. The school infrastructure should be designed in such a way that it stimulates a learning environment. Spacious classrooms, well-equipped library, Science, Math & Computer labs are some of the basic facilities that your school must necessarily possess.

Affiliation-Further, seek affiliation from any recognized board of education. Usually, schools in India seek affiliation to CBSE, ICSE or State boards of education. Hence, make sure that you seek affiliation from any of these boards of education.

Hiring-Next, start conducting interviews for the post of academic, managerial and administrative posts. Apart from this usual procedure, you can also consult a employment agency, which will help you to recruit suitable candidates for your school. Moreover, ensure that you appoint well-qualified and experienced candidates.

Advertising-Further, to make your brand known to the prospective parents, implement effective promotional strategies such as distributing flyers and pamphlets, putting up banners and hoardings, a feature story in the local newspapers declaring the pre-launch of your school etc.

Hence, the above mentioned are some of the pre-requisites to open a school with ease and comfort. Since, opening a school requires an in-depth knowledge and technical know-how in the educational field, it is advised to opt for a school franchise. Franchising is a win-win situation for both the franchisor and franchisee as well. SHEMFORD Futuristic Schools is a prominent name in the field of education that offers lucrative franchise opportunities to the aspiring investors. So, to join hands with SHEMFORD Futuristic Schools and experience a hassle-free start in the education sector, fill the Franchise Application Form given here.

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What Is The ‘Admission Form For School' Stands For?

Author: Jacob_Hall

Every year there is lot of chaos for getting school admission in any relevant and reputed school of your choice. There are some formalities which have to undertake for getting admission in any school across the India. Submitting complete admission form for school comes as the main task in this regime.

First parents need to submit school admission application form, which can be available at online site search. Later on if your child will be shortlisted among the final candidates for admission candidates in the current session, then you needs to submit final school admission form as per clarification from schools principal.

Qualities of admission form for school: - Parents should submit the date of birth certificate copy, last class school passing certificate copy even if it is a play school, residential address proof photocopy, immunization chart copy from hospital, passport size photos of child and a family photograph separately. All theses papers photocopies should be duly attested by the gazette officer of your area. Then you just need to submit the quarter or half yearly fees in the school for confirming the final admission of your ward in that particular school.

Patna is a capital of Bihar state in India. Now a day's getting good education is a top priority for everyone. Patna is also a leading city in India which fulfills good education demands of the natives and students who is coming from outside here. You will find all varieties of schools in Patna. Here from top and renowned schools have been established to fulfill the high grade quality education of many people in the state. You will find good English medium, co-educational day school, boarding schools, day boarding schools only girl's schools or boy's schools etc.

The infrastructure of all schools in Bihar (Patna) are maintaining in good conditions as per noticing the requirements of students and the demands of current education systems. Your child will be provided all best sports, academic and co-curricular activities under the supervision of experienced and well qualified mentors in the schools. After achieving the quality education from schools in Patna, students have been granted at many top positions in the highly respected civil services of India, medical, engineering or media jobs with good package of salaries.

Faridabad is a largest city in Haryana and also comes in the Delhi (NCR) region. Faridabad also generates major capital fund for the Haryana state approximately 60%. Faridabad city is also hosting many reputed schools in Faridabad for catering quality education among the students of Haryana and India.

You will find all sorts of school education institutes in Faridabad too. The schools are started from world class play school to the high range of IB schools. Most of the people prefer CBSE board of education affiliated schools for their children. Because it is expected that CBSE pattern of education is being follow in many entrance exams for competitive selection of higher studies and jobs. Boarding schools in Faridabad are also quite famous for its best education services for the students across the India.

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Commutative Definition

Author: nayaknandan85

Introduction to Commutative Definition:
There are three basic number properties that apply to arithmetic operations. Associative Property, Commutative Property, and Distributive Property are the three basic number properties applied to arithmetic operations. "Commutative" is a property an operation between two numbers (or other mathematical elements) may or may not have. The operation is commutative if it doesn't matter which element is named first.

Definition of Commutative:
Commutative property is one of the basic properties of numbers. The word "commute" denotes "exchange" or "swap over". Commutative property definition states that numbers may be added or multiplied in any order.
Commutative property definition of Addition explains that changing the order of addends doesn't change the sum. Commutative definition can be explained more formally. If + places for an operation and A, B are factors from a given set, then + is commutative if, for all such elements A + B = B + A.
Commutative property definition of Multiplication describes that changing the order of factors doesn't change the product. Commutative can be explained more formally. If * places for an operation and A, B are factors from a given set, then * is commutative if, for all such elements A * B = B * A.

Commutative in Real Life:
An operation is commutative if you may change the order of the numbers involved without changing the result. Addition and multiplication both are commutative definition. Subtraction is not commutative because 2 - 1 is not equal to 1 - 2.
Counting a combination of different coins gives you of commutative property. For example, suppose you have 20 quarters and 10 dimes. It does not matter whether you sum-up the quarters first and then the dimes OR sum-up the dimes first and then the quarters OR add a quarter and a dime alternately, finally the total is going to be $6.
Commutative property is applicable for both addition and multiplication.

Example for Commutative Definition:
Addition is commutative, 5 + 7 has the same value as 7 + 5. But subtraction is not a commutative definition because the variation 5 - 7 does not have the same value as 7-5.
Similarly, multiplication is also a commutative function, 6 * 3 has the same value as 3 * 6. Division, on the other hand, is not commutative definition, and the ratio of `6 / 3` does not have the same value as `3 / 6` .
Addition and multiplications are two basic arithmetic processes in mathematics. Addition produce a sum of given numbers where as multiplication produce a produce of given numbers. Identity property of addition and multiplication is the process of producing a result as a same number itself. The element used for this identity property is called identity element. This element is different for addition and multiplication.

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Neutral amino acids

Author: johnharmer

Introduction to reaction of amino acid

Amino acids are the compounds which contain an amino group and a carboxylic acid group. Amino acids can be represented as



Here R- can be an alkyl, aryl or other group. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins necessary for living organisms. Alanine, Aspartic acid etc are different amino acids compounds. They can be classified in four groups i.e.

a.) Amino acids with nonpolar R- groups

b.) Amino acids with polar and charged R- groups

c.) Amino acids with positively charged R- groups

d.) Amino acids with negatively charged R- groups

Amino acids also occur as free intermediates. They are as follows:


Preparation of Amino Acids

Amino acids can be prepared in many different ways. It can be prepared by aminolysis of `alpha` - halocarboxylic acid. In this process 2- bromo propoinic acid is reacted with excess of ammonia to get alanine.



Amino acids can also be prepared by the process of Koop synthesis. In this process `alpha`- keto acids are converted to a- amino acids.


Reactions of Amino Acids

Amino acids reactions are generally based on the different groups attached with this acids i.e., carboxyl group, amino and functional groups of the side chain. Amino acids contain both acidic and basic groups, so it can accept and donate protons, so they are called amphoteric.

Amino acids form N- methylene amino acids when it is reacted with formaldehyde.





Effect of heat on `alpha`, `beta` and `gamma` amino acids:

a- amino acids undergo intermolecular dehydration to form diketopiperazines, β- amino acids undergo intramolecular deamination and gives `alpha`, `beta` unsaturated acids whereas `gamma`amino acids gives cyclic amides.



Phosgene reaction

Phosgene reacts with `alpha`-amino acids and forms N-carboxy anhydrides



Esterification

Carboxyl group present in amino acids can be esterified with an alcohol.



Decarboxylation

Reduction of carboxyl group of `alpha`-amino acids are carried out in presence of sodium borohydride which gives an alcohol.

Amino acids + NaBH4 `->` Amino alcohol


Conclusion for the Reaction of Amino Acid

Amino acids are compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group. They are the building block element for the formation of proteins. Amino acids can be prepared by aminolysis of `alpha`- halocarboxylic acid. Amino acids can also be prepared by the process of Koop synthesis


Amino acids (play /əˈmiːnoʊ/, /əˈmaɪnoʊ/, or /ˈæmɪnoʊ/) are biologically important organic compounds made from amine (-NH2) and carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side-chain specific to each amino acid. The key elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. About 500 amino acids are known[1] which can be classified in many ways. Structurally they can be classified according to the functional groups' locations as alpha- (α-), beta- (β-), gamma- (γ-) or delta- (δ-) amino acids; other categories relate to polarity, acid/base/neutral, and side chain group type (including: aliphatic, acyclic, hydroxyl or sulphur-containing, aromatic). In the form of proteins, amino acids comprise the second largest component other than water of human muscles, cells and other tissues.[2] Outside proteins, amino acids also perform critical biological roles including neurotransmitters, transport, and in synthesis.

Amino acids having both the amine and carboxylic acid groups attached to the first, or alpha, carbon atom have particular importance in biochemistry. They are known as 2-, alpha-, or α-amino acids (generic formula H2NCHRCOOH in most cases[3] where R is an organic substituent known as a "side-chain");[4] often the term "amino acid" is used to refer specifically to these. They include the 22 proteinogenic ("protein building") amino acids which combine into peptide chains ("polypeptides") to form the building blocks of a vast array of proteins.[5] These are all L-stereoisomers (left handed isomers) although a few D-amino acids (right handed) occur in bacterial envelopes and some antibiotics.[6][7] 20 of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids are known as "standard" amino acids-those found in human beings and other eukaryotes, and which are encoded directly within the universal genetic code. The 2 exceptions are the "non-standard" or "non-canonical" pyrrolysine — found only in some methanogenic organisms but not humans — and selenocysteine; both of these are encoded via variant codons signaled by mRNA instead.[8][9][10] Codon–tRNA combinations not found in nature can also be used to "expand" the genetic code and create novel proteins known as "alloproteins" incorporating non-proteinogenic amino acids.[11][12][13]

Many important proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids also play critical non-protein roles within the body. For example the standard glutamic acid (glutamate) and the non-standard gamma-amino acid gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) are respectively the brain's main excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters,[14] hydroxyproline-a major component of the connective tissue collagen-is synthesised from proline, the standard amino acid glycine is used to synthesise porphyrins used in red blood cells, and the non-standard carnitine is used in lipid transport.

Having problem with 10 cbse sample papers keep reading my articles, i will try to help you.
9 of the 20 standard amino acids are called "essential" amino acids for humans because they cannot be created from other compounds by the human body, and so must be taken in as food. Others may be conditionally essential for some ages or medical conditions. Essential amino acids may also differ between species.[15]

Because of their biological significance, amino acids are important in nutrition and are commonly used in nutritional supplements, fertilizers, and food technology. Industrial uses include the production of biodegradable plastics, drugs, and chiral catalysts.

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Strong Organic Acids

Author: johnharmer

Organic means derived from living organisms. In chemistry it applies to a wider term and that is connected to carbon.So the chemistry of carbon is organic chemistry.

How did the meaning took twist in chemistry?

When biochemicals were first discovered,,it was believed that they are with 'vital foce' and as such it was believed that it is impossible to create such chemicals synthetically.Thus chemicals and chemistry related to life were termed as organic.
Introduction to strong organic acids

Subsequently thrugh various waves of innovations it was found that all these bio-compounds invariably contained one element,and that was 'Carbon'.

Even though later on many chemists were successful in synthetically deriving these compounds in laboratories,the name 'organic chemistry' became synonymous with carbon compounds.So in relation to chemistry organic means study of carbon and its compounds.It is a very vast feild.
Understand cbse 10th question papers is always challenging for me but thanks to all math websites to help me out.
Why a Separate Branch has been Earmarked for Organic Chemistry?

Carbon has valency of four.It is neither extremely electronegative or electropositive.

This enables carbon to form single,double and even triple bonds with other carbon as well as atoms like hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,etc.

Carbon therefore can easily form chains,branched chains and also saturated or unsaturated ring structures.

This are the reasons why carbon is versatile and forms millions of compounds.Hence it became imperative to create a separate branch of organic chemistry to study carbon compounds.
Strenth of Organic Acids

The compounds with general formula R-COOH are called organic acids.They are also called carboxylic acids.R is an alkyl group like CH3,C2H5 etc..

By strong acid,it is meant that there is strong dissociation of the acid giving more H+

R-COOH -----------> R-COO- + H+

Thus it entirely depends on the ' R ' group whether the acid is strong or weak.

e.g..If R = CH3

then CH3COOH will not be strong acid as the - CH3 group is not facilitating release of the H+ ion very easily.

However if one or two or three chlorine atoms [which are strongly electronegative],are substituted for the hydrogen atoms in the 'R' group,it facilitates the release of H+ very easily,making it a strong organic acid.

CCl3COOH, CHCl2COOH, CF3COOH,

CH3SO3H, CF3SO3H, and p-CH3C6H4SO3H.are also strong organic acids as they produce H+ in high concentration.

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Apply Online Admissions In Bhopal And Chandigarh Schools

Author: Jacob_Hall

‘Bhopal, The City of Lakes' is a capital of Indian state Madhya Pradesh. The place is well suitable for getting quality education in India. Bhopal is naturally gifted with full of greenery and soothing natural environment. That means if your child is wishing to get quality studies here, so the idea is not bad!!!

Bhopal is rising as a city of education too in the central India and that is the reason there are a lot of co-ed schools, international schools, public schools, private schools, CBSE board schools and ICSE board schools in Bhopal. There are specific websites that will help you to apply online for admission into various reputed schools in Bhopal. You can also locate the information of these schools online such as admission procedure, availability of forms, online admissions forms, dates of admission or interaction rounds with particular school principal and cut off etc. You can also discover the information connected to boarding schools, day boarding schools, play schools and kindergartens.

Now days where both parents are working and it becomes very difficult for them to go in each school personally and wait for their rounds just for collecting the school admission application form. Online admissions forms have created a revolution in this field. It not only makes the way easy for the parents to get admissions but also saves a lot of time, money and energy. Thus grab the option, choice is yours. There are many schools which have been affiliated to Madhya Pradesh Board of Secondary Education (MPBSE) and provide quality education to the city students. People from other states are also coming here to take the advantage of best schools in Bhopal. Some other private and public schools affiliated with CBSE are also providing their best efforts in making strong academic records of their students. Some schools are also affiliated to National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) and ICSE Board, Institution of Secondary Distance Education (ISDE) or Private Non-Governmental Board of School Education to cater their services to students in the city.

Chandigarh is comes in one of the well maintained city in India. The city is hosting high grade schools and other public utilities for the people welfare. People can get any sort of schools in Chandigarh, which are run by government or only by private authorities too. Every school in Chandigarh is having special facilities for the children without any discrimination. Special privileges are given to EWS category students who wish to study in Chandigarh schools. The total amount of fees is exempted in good amount for those students. But at the same time students can avail all the facilities which are being offered to common category students here. All the schools in Chandigarh are boasting with good and well structured school infrastructure. Modern cultural and various co curricular activities which are very important for the all round devolvement of individual students physically mentally socially and moreover it increases the overall presence of mind in the students.

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